A Single European Divorce Procedure

Transnational shifting of people is common among the porous European borders. People are increasingly leaving their national perimeters either for study or work. Quite frequently they meet their potential marital partners there, and settle down or relocate to an altogether different nation. At times their marital life might encounter problems as is commonly possible. However, if these problems lead to a divorce, such spouses might find themselves mired in legal confusion.  They wonder whether the divorce laws of the nation they are residing in is applicable to them or they have to file their papers in their native land?

Such transnational cases are governed by ‘private international law.’ These laws regulate conflicts arising in the private life of people that do not involve the State or the Government. However, people in Europe are expecting more legislative involvement not only in the process of divorce, but also in other divorce related issues to facilitate their living. For example, a majority of them expect recognition around the continent for marriage certificates, birth certificate and feel the need for common laws regarding child adoption and child custody. After divorce when the different family members shift back to their respective nations, they encounter trouble pertaining to inheritance rights. 

Such complications can be solved by having a common divorce law for Europe.

A Common European Divorce Law 

When every fifth divorce in Europe is between marital partners of different nationalities, a common European divorce law would prevent confusion. Uniform laws governing child custodial issues, child support money, distribution of marital property, alimony payment, etc are required. However, such a proposition is fraught with difficulties.

Obstacles in Having a Common European Divorce Law 

Divorce laws are based on the political beliefs, religious views, ideological perceptions and family policies of the citizens. These are subject to great variation among nations even within the same continent.

Divorce Law Based on Political Ideology 

One uniform law is unworkable. For example divorce in Sweden and Netherlands are almost granted on demand with no enquiry into the reasons thereof. These laws are a reflection of the political beliefs that marital breakdown is a personal affair non necessitating State intervention. However some countries believe in the legislative power of intervening in private life to reduce divorce rates by making laws more stringent.

One uniform law can be formulated only if the varied nations undergo a change in their political principles and social attitudes.  

Societal Attitude

Attitude towards divorce differs significantly between countries; it also differs between different regions in the same country. Laws are based taking into account the generalised attitudes of the people pertaining to the issue. For example, if the common European divorce law were to be stringent, it might negatively affect groups of people who hold liberal views towards marital disunion.  

In some regions of Europe, divorce is followed by reduction in socialization and friendly neighbourly contacts for both the genders. In such regions liberal divorce laws enabling easy divorce might play havoc with the social and emotional life of the unsuspecting respondent in the divorce case.

A common divorce law is not possible for, divorce is a social issue that is intensely legal and has deep financial implications. 

Financial Implications of Divorce

A uniform divorce law should also be accompanied by a change in the laws governing taxation. It is not only the process of divorce alone but also its consequences that have to be considered. For example, the important aspect of division of the marital property gives rise to issue of taxation on capital gains. Varying taxation laws have their respective economic implications on the concerned people.  

This multi faceted issue of divorce is also under the influence of religious beliefs held by people.

Divorce Law and Religious Beliefs 

Three major religions are prominently followed in Europe. They are Christianity, Islam and Judaism. Divorce comes under the purview of family law that has a strong religious base. Though no religion advocates nor supports divorce, judicial interpretations subjectively differ according to the nation.

Rather than having a common law, more than half the population of European Union believes that they must be given a choice of law. This choice can be made taking into account the common nationality of both the partners, the countries to which the spouses have the most objective links or the permanent residence of both the spouses. 

A common divorce law might not be accepted by all, for law has to take into account the cultural, religious and social attitudes of the people. Law evolves through the ages, and is intensely interlinked to the lives of people. It is not possible for all people in a continent to have the same background.

Article: A Single European Divorce Procedure

Created on: 2007-09-17 14:29:19